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Ghulalis 16 Monuments

Georgia (Country) / Javakhk (District) / Akhalkalak (District) / Ghulalis (Village)

Location

The village is situated on the left bank of the tributary Karasnakn, 11 kilometres north-west of the district centre of Ninotzminda, 8 kilometres south of Akhalkalak in a straight line, at an average altitude of 1,795 metres above sea level.

Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.

Historical Introduction
1918 y․

In the days of the Turkish invasion of 1918, the local Armenians found protection among their Turkish neighbours.

Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.

1899 — 1900 yy․

In the aftermath of the devastation caused to the agriculture of Ghulalis by the cereal leaf and Hottentot beetles between 1899 and 1900, the Ad Hoc Governmental Committee ranked it among the second-class villages affected by the disaster.

Սալլիւմեան, Անբերրիութիւնը Ախալքալաքի գաւառում եւ նրա հետեւանքները, «Մուրճ», 1901, N 6, էջ 248: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.

1937 y․

One of the most remarkable events marking the recent history of Ghulalis was the conveyance of a pipeline of potable water to the village (in 1937) through the united efforts of the local people. World War II took away 60 lives from Ghulalis: on the whole, it had sent 150 fighters to the battle-field. In 1944 the Turks living in the village were sent into exile.

Դավթյան Ա., Ջավախք, Երևան, 1994, էջ 102: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.

Population
14 — 16 cc․

In the Middle Ages and, particularly, between the 14th and 16th centuries, Ghulalis was one of the most populous and prospering Armenian villages in Javakhk. It was stripped of its Armenian residents in the 18th century, and was later populated by Muslims (presumably, these people were the natives of the place who had converted to Islam).

Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.

14 — 20 cc․

In the Middle Ages, Ghulalis was one of the most densely-populated Armenian villages in Javakhk. An eloquent proof of this is the spacious Armenian necropolis (13th to 14th centuries) extending at its north-eastern extremity. In the first half of the 17th century, part of the local inhabitants yielded up to the pressure exerted by the pashas of Akhaltskha and converted to Islam, this being the only way for them to continue living in their native village. In 1870 Ghulalis had a population of 16 houses with 103 male and 111 female inhabitants. It remained half-populated by Turks until 1918. In this same year, most of its Muslims moved to the district of Aghbaba (Amasia).

In 1898 I. P. Rostomov, who worked as a teacher in Tiflis’ Female School of St. Nina, published an article in which he stated that the toponym of Ghulalis derives from a fortified tower located in the village territory. He based this viewpoint on the fact that the tower resembles a pitcher of wine (‘kula’) in appearance (Ростомов И., Ахалкалакский уезд в археологическом отношении.– Сборник Материалов для Описания Местностей и Племен Кавказа, вып. XXV, 1898, стр. 75). Сборник материалов для описания Тифлисской губернии, т. 1, вып. 1, Тифлис, 1870, стр. 28. Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.

Unlike the neighbouring villages, Ghulalis was comparatively later (early 1870s) re-inhabited by Armenians. They were from Karin District in origin, but they moved here from Darakyov, Ghabur, Jinis and other villages of the district of Tzaghka. The present-day inhabitants of Ghulalis attest that in 1918, when their fellow Turkish villagers constituted over 30 houses, the Armenians also comprised several families which were natives of the place—the Manvelians (13 to 14 houses); the Antonians (7 to 8 houses), and the Gevorgians (7 to 8 houses).

Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.

The available statistical records relating to the number of the local population represent the following picture:

Dates	Armenian Houses	Armenians (Male)	Armenians (Female)	Total (Armenians)	Notes	Source
1870	5	36	20	56		Сборник материалов для описания Тифлисской губернии, т. 1, вып. 1, Тифлис, 1870, стр. 28. Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1875	5					«Մեղու Հայաստանի», 1875, N 44, էջ 2: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1877		49	34	83		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3869, թ. 30-31: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1878		49	34	83		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3850, թ. 217-218: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1880		49	36	85		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3872, թ. 86-87: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1881		49	39	88		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3873, թ. 96-97: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1882		53	38	91		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3874, թ. 42-43: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1883		54	39	93		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3875, թ. 47-48: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1884	7					«Արձագանք», 1885, N 3, էջ 41: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1885		61	48	109		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3877, թ. 10: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1887		68	50	118		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3880, թ. 39-40: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 352.
1889		73	48	121		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3884, թ. 64-65: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1890		72	51	123		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3887, թ. 144: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1891		76	54	130		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3889, թ. 143: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1892		81	55	136		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3891, թ. 115: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1893		83	57	140		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3895, թ. 41-42: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1894		86	61	147		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3896, թ. 168-169. Also see ֆ. 22, ց. 1, գ. 298, թ. 21: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1897		101	65	166		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3899, թ. 141-142: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1898		104	66	170		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3897, թ. 163: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1899		108	70	178		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3903, թ. 93-94: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1900		114	70	184		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3905, թ. 55: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1901		114	73	187	According to another source, the village had a population of 116 males and 73 females (Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 56, ց. 1, գ. 205, թ. 134-135):	Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3906, թ. 67: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1902		118	74	192		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3907, թ. 17-18։ Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1905		124	81	205		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3912, թ. 260-261: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1908	18	22	86	208		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 35, ց. 1, գ. 559, թ. 42: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1910		125	100	225		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3917, թ. 134-135: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1912		136	104	240		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 53, ց. 1, գ. 3920, թ. 18-19: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1913	13			150		«Արարատ», 1903, էջ 436: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1914		137	104	241		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 56, ց. 6, գ. 1020, թ. 171-172: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1916		134	98	232		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 196, ց. 1, գ. 43, թ. 18-19: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1918	25	170	138	308		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 469, ց. 3, գ. 2, թ. 1-2: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1921		27	25	52		Հայաստանի ազգային դիվան (National Archives of Armenia), ֆ. 355, ց. 1, գ. 895, թ. 4: Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.
1987	180			1200		As attested by the registers of the Village Council. Karapetian. Samvel, Javakhk, Yerevan, 2011, p. 353.